The genomes of Darwin's primroses reveal chromosome‐scale adaptive introgression and differential permeability of species boundaries

Author:

Stubbs Rebecca L.1ORCID,Theodoridis Spyros2ORCID,Mora‐Carrera Emiliano1ORCID,Keller Barbara1ORCID,Potente Giacomo1ORCID,Yousefi Narjes1ORCID,Jay Paul3ORCID,Léveillé‐Bourret Étienne4ORCID,Choudhury Rimjhim Roy5ORCID,Celep Ferhat6ORCID,Kochjarová Judita7ORCID,Conti Elena1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany University of Zurich Zurich 8008 Switzerland

2. Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK‐F) Frankfurt am Main 60325 Germany

3. Center for GeoGenetics University of Copenhagen Copenhagen 1350 Denmark

4. Département de Sciences Biologiques, Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (IRBV) Université de Montréal Montreal QC H1X 2B2 Canada

5. Department of Biology University of Fribourg Fribourg 1700 Switzerland

6. Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Kırıkkale University Kırıkkale 71450 Turkey

7. Department of Phytology, Faculty of Forestry Technical University in Zvolen Zvolen 96001 Slovak Republic

Abstract

Summary Introgression is an important source of genetic variation that can determine species adaptation to environmental conditions. Yet, definitive evidence of the genomic and adaptive implications of introgression in nature remains scarce. The widespread hybrid zones of Darwin's primroses (Primula elatior, Primula veris, and Primula vulgaris) provide a unique natural laboratory for studying introgression in flowering plants and the varying permeability of species boundaries. Through analysis of 650 genomes, we provide evidence of an introgressed genomic region likely to confer adaptive advantage in conditions of soil toxicity. We also document unequivocal evidence of chloroplast introgression, an important precursor to species‐wide chloroplast capture. Finally, we provide the first evidence that the S‐locus supergene, which controls heterostyly in primroses, does not introgress in this clade. Our results contribute novel insights into the adaptive role of introgression and demonstrate the importance of extensive genomic and geographical sampling for illuminating the complex nature of species boundaries.

Funder

Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Plant Science,Physiology

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