Can rotational thromboelastometry rapidly identify theragnostic targets in isolated traumatic brain injury?

Author:

Hiwase Abhiram D12ORCID,Ovenden Christopher D2,Kaukas Lola M12,Finnis Mark3,Zhang Zeyu45,O'Connor Stephanie3,Foo Ngee6,Reddi Benjamin13,Wells Adam J12,Ellis Daniel Y16

Affiliation:

1. Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia

2. Department of Neurosurgery Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia

3. Department of Intensive Care Medicine Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia

4. Australian Institute for Machine Learning, University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia

5. The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia

6. Department of Trauma Royal Adelaide Hospital Adelaide South Australia Australia

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveCoagulation assessment in traumatic brain injury (TBI) typically relies upon laboratory‐based standard coagulation tests (SCTs), including the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), INR and platelet count. Rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) sigma is an alternative point‐of‐care assay; however, its role in isolated TBI is under‐evaluated. The present study aims to assess the prognostic utility of ROTEM sigma in isolated TBI.MethodsROTEM sigma analysis was performed during the initial evaluation of patients presenting to the Royal Adelaide Hospital between February 2022 and 2023 with radiographically demonstrated traumatic intracranial haemorrhage and GCS ≤14. Patients with concomitant severe extracranial injury, or who received blood products or antifibrinolytic therapy prior to sample collection were excluded.ResultsThirty‐six patients had blood samples analysed with ROTEM, 25 of these patients were also evaluated with paired SCTs. Twenty‐two per cent (8/36) of patients with isolated TBI had a hypocoaguable ROTEM profile, and this was associated with an increased incidence of head injury‐related death (50% [4/8] vs 11% [3/28], P = 0.03). Median diagnostic turn‐around‐times were shorter for ROTEM parameters compared to SCT counterparts: EXTEM clotting time (CT) versus INR (20 vs 63 min, P < 0.01), and INTEM CT versus aPTT (21 vs 63 min, P < 0.01). EXTEM CT, FIBTEM CT and INR values had similar performance in predicting head injury‐related death, area under the receiver operator curves were 0.8, 0.8 and 0.7, respectively.ConclusionsROTEM sigma expedites the detection of clinically significant coagulopathy in isolated TBI. EXTEM and FIBTEM CT values are more rapidly attainable than INR and comparable in predicting head injury‐related death.

Funder

Neurosurgical Research Foundation

Publisher

Wiley

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