Multiplex plasma protein assays as a diagnostic tool for lung cancer

Author:

Ahamed Mohammad Tanvir1ORCID,Forshed Jenny2,Levitsky Adrian1,Lehtiö Janne2,Bajalan Amanj3,Pernemalm Maria2,Eriksson Lars E.456,Andersson Björn7

Affiliation:

1. Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics (LIME) Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

2. Cancer Proteomics Mass Spectrometry, Department of Oncology‐Pathology Karolinska Institutet, Science for Life Laboratory Stockholm Sweden

3. Department of Microbiology, Tumor & Cell Biology (MTC) Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

4. Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

5. School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London London UK

6. Medical Unit Infectious Diseases Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden

7. Department of Cell and molecular Biology (CMB) Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

Abstract

AbstractLack of the established noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers causes delay in diagnosis of lung cancer (LC). The aim of this study was to explore the association between inflammatory and cancer‐associated plasma proteins and LC and thereby discover potential biomarkers. Patients referred for suspected LC and later diagnosed with primary LC, other cancers, or no cancer (NC) were included in this study. Demographic information and plasma samples were collected, and diagnostic information was later retrieved from medical records. Relative quantification of 92 plasma proteins was carried out using the Olink Immuno‐Onc‐I panel. Association between expression levels of panel of proteins with different diagnoses was assessed using generalized linear model (GLM) with the binomial family and a logit‐link function, considering confounder effects of age, gender, smoking, and pulmonary diseases. The analysis showed that the combination of five plasma proteins (CD83, GZMA, GZMB, CD8A, and MMP12) has higher diagnostic performance for primary LC in both early and advanced stages compared with NC. This panel demonstrated lower diagnostic performance for other cancer types. Moreover, inclusion of four proteins (GAL9, PDCD1, CD4, and HO1) to the aforementioned panel significantly increased the diagnostic performance for primary LC in advanced stage as well as for other cancers. Consequently, the collective expression profiles of select plasma proteins, especially when analyzed in conjunction, might have the potential to distinguish individuals with LC from NC. This suggests their utility as predictive biomarkers for identification of LC patients. The synergistic application of these proteins as biomarkers could pave the way for the development of diagnostic tools for early‐stage LC detection.

Funder

Sjöbergstiftelsen

Vetenskapsrådet

Publisher

Wiley

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