Impact of various progestins with or without transdermal testosterone on gonadotropin levels for non-invasive hormonal male contraception: a randomized clinical trial

Author:

Zitzmann M.1,Rohayem J.1,Raidt J.1,Kliesch S.1,Kumar N.2,Sitruk-Ware R.2,Nieschlag E.13

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Reproductive Medicine; University Clinics; Muenster Germany

2. Population Council; Rockefeller University; New York NY USA

3. Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia

Funder

Population Council

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Urology,Endocrinology,Reproductive Medicine,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Reference48 articles.

1. 10th Summit Meeting consensus: recommendations for regulatory approval for hormonal male contraception;Aaltonen;J Androl,2007

2. Acceptability of a combination testosterone gel and depomedroxyprogesterone acetate male contraceptive regimen;Amory;Contraception,2007

3. A lower dosage levonorgestrel and testosterone enanthate combination: effective by suppressing spermatogenesis and circulating gonadotropin levels with fewer metabolic side effects than high dosage combinations;Anawalt;J Androl,1999

4. Intramuscular testosterone enanthate plus very low dosage oral levonorgestrel suppresses spermatogenesis without causing weight gain in normal young men: a randomized clinical trial;Anawalt;J Androl,2005

5. Combined administration of levonorgestrel and testosterone induces more rapid and effective suppression of spermatogenesis than testosterone alone: a promising male contraceptive approach;Bebb;J Clin Endocrinol Metab,1996

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