A statistical approach to aid examiners in the forensic analysis of handwriting

Author:

Crawford Amy M.1,Ommen Danica M.23ORCID,Carriquiry Alicia L.23

Affiliation:

1. Berry Consultants, LLC Austin Texas USA

2. Department of Statistics Iowa State University Ames Iowa USA

3. The Center for Statistics and Applications in Forensic Evidence (CSAFE) Ames Iowa USA

Abstract

AbstractWe develop a statistical approach to model handwriting that accommodates all styles of writing (cursive, print, connected print). The goal is to compute a posterior probability of writership of a questioned document given a closed set of candidate writers. Such probabilistic statements can support examiner conclusions and enable a quantitative forensic evaluation of handwritten documents. Writing is treated as a sequence of disjoint graphical structures, which are extracted using an automated and open‐source process. The graphs are grouped based on the similarity of their shapes through a K‐means clustering template. A person's writing pattern can be characterized by the rate at which graphs are emitted to each cluster. The cluster memberships serve as data for a Bayesian hierarchical model with a mixture component. The rate of mixing between two parameters in the hierarchy indicates writing style.

Funder

Center for Statistics and Applications in Forensic Evidence

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Genetics,Pathology and Forensic Medicine

Reference25 articles.

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2. OSAC research and development needs. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).2015Nov 16. Available from:https://www.nist.gov/organization‐scientific‐area‐committees‐forensic‐science/osac‐research‐and‐development‐needs. [Accessed 10 Nov 2022].

3. SWGDOC standard for examination of handwritten items.Scientific Working Group for Forensic Document Examination (SWGDOC).2018Available from:https://www.swgdoc.org/documents/SWGDOC%20Standard%20for%20Examination%20of%20Handwritten%20Items.pdf. [Accessed 10 Nov 2022].

4. SWGDOC standard terminology relating to the examination of questioned documents.Scientific Working Group for Forensic Document Examination (SWGDOC).2018Available from:https://www.swgdoc.org/documents/SWGDOC%20Standard%20Terminology%20Relating%20to%20the%20Examination%20of%20Questioned%20Documents.pdf. [Accessed 10 Nov 2022]

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1. Innovative Methods for Non-Destructive Inspection of Handwritten Documents;ICASSP 2024 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP);2024-04-14

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