1. R. Roth. 2000.Making Women Pay. The Hidden Costs of Fetal Rights.Ithaca & London. Cornell University Press: 90. Refers to the possible conflict between a pregnant woman's autonomy and the duty of beneficence to the fetus. Rachel Roth claims that it is a misnomer, because the conflict is between pregnant women and medical and state authority.
2. E.D. Pellegrino & D.C. Thomasma. 1988.A Philosophical Basis of Medical Practice. Toward a Philosophy and Ethics of the Healing Profession.New York. Oxford University Press: 193. 'Codes of professional ethics are becoming less committed morally and more legalistic in spirit'.
3. Adiaphorisation (from the Greek adiaphor-: I don't mind, it makes no difference). See Z. Bauman 1996.Postmodern Ethics.Cambridge, MA: Blackwell: 125, 181. 'Morally indifferent (adiaphoric - that is a kind on which ethical authorities do not feel it necessary to take a stand)'; p. 30. 'neither merit nor sin' . . . 'making a moot issue even of the boundaries of moral concern and duty.'
4. ACOG committee opinion Informed Refusal
5. Index