Affiliation:
1. Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences University of Oslo 0316 Oslo Norway
2. CEES, Department of Biosciences University of Oslo 0316 Oslo Norway
3. College of STEM Shepherd University Shepherdstown West Virginia 25443‐5000 USA
Abstract
SUMMARYArabidopsis thaliana diverged from A. arenosa and A. lyrata at least 6 million years ago. The three species differ by genome‐wide polymorphisms and morphological traits. The species are to a high degree reproductively isolated, but hybridization barriers are incomplete. A special type of hybridization barrier is based on the triploid endosperm of the seed, where embryo lethality is caused by endosperm failure to support the developing embryo. The MADS‐box type I family of transcription factors is specifically expressed in the endosperm and has been proposed to play a role in endosperm‐based hybridization barriers. The gene family is well known for its high evolutionary duplication rate, as well as being regulated by genomic imprinting. Here we address MADS‐box type I gene family evolution and the role of type I genes in the context of hybridization. Using two de‐novo assembled and annotated chromosome‐level genomes of A. arenosa and A. lyrata ssp. petraea we analyzed the MADS‐box type I gene family in Arabidopsis to predict orthologs, copy number, and structural genomic variation related to the type I loci. Our findings were compared to gene expression profiles sampled before and after the transition to endosperm cellularization in order to investigate the involvement of MADS‐box type I loci in endosperm‐based hybridization barriers. We observed substantial differences in type‐I expression in the endosperm of A. arenosa and A. lyrata ssp. petraea, suggesting a genetic cause for the endosperm‐based hybridization barrier between A. arenosa and A. lyrata ssp. petraea.
Subject
Cell Biology,Plant Science,Genetics
Cited by
3 articles.
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