Social media and COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy during pregnancy: a mixed methods analysis

Author:

Golder S.1ORCID,McRobbie‐Johnson A. C. E.2,Klein A.2,Polite F. G.3,Gonzalez Hernandez G.4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Health Sciences University of York York UK

2. Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA

3. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA

4. Department of Computational Biomedicine Cedars‐Sinai Medical Center West Hollywood California USA

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the reasons for COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy during pregnancy.DesignWe used regular expressions to identify publicly available social media posts from pregnant people expressing at least one reason for their decision not to accept COVID‐19 vaccine.SettingTwo social media platforms – WhatToExpect and Twitter.SampleA total of 945 pregnant people in WhatToExpect (1017 posts) and 345 pregnant people in Twitter (435 tweets).MethodsTwo annotators manually coded posts according to the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies (SAGE) working group's 3Cs vaccine hesitancy model (confidence, complacency and convenience barriers). Within each 3Cs we created subthemes that emerged from the data.Main Outcome MeasuresSubthemes were derived according to the people's posting own words.ResultsSafety concerns were most common and largely linked to the perceived speed at which the vaccine was created and the lack of data about its safety in pregnancy. This led to a preference to wait until after the baby was born or to take other precautions instead. Complacency surrounded a belief that they are young and healthy or already had COVID‐19. Misinformation led to false safety and efficacy allegations, or even conspiracy theories, and fed into creating confidence and complacency barriers. Convenience barriers (such as availability) were uncommon.ConclusionThe information in this study can be used to highlight the questions, fears and hesitations pregnant people have about the COVID‐19 vaccine. Highlighting these hesitations can help public health campaigns and improve communication between healthcare professionals and patients.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Reference55 articles.

1. World Health Organization.Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19).2020[cited 2023 Apr 5]. Available from:https://www.who.int/health‐topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1

2. COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.How to protect yourself & others.2022[cited 2023 Apr 5]. Available from:https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019‐ncov/prevent‐getting‐sick/prevention.html

4. Effectiveness and safety of COVID ‐19 vaccine in pregnant women: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

5. Importance of Inclusion of Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in COVID-19 Therapeutic Trials

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