The ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens influences the effects of salinity on loblolly pine in response to potassium availability

Author:

Rose Benjamin D.1,Dellinger Marissa A.1,Larmour Clancy P.1,Polishook Mira I.1,Higuita‐Aguirre Maria I.12,Dutta Summi1,Cook Rachel L.2,Zimmermann Sabine D.3,Garcia Kevin1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Crop and Soil Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA

2. Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA

3. IPSiM, University of Montpellier CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro Montpellier France

Abstract

AbstractSalinity is an increasing problem in coastal areas affected by saltwater intrusion, with deleterious effects on tree health and forest growth. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi may improve the salinity tolerance of host trees, but the impact of external potassium (K+) availability on these effects is still unclear. Here, we performed several experiments with the ECM fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in axenic and symbiotic conditions at limited or sufficient K+ and increasing sodium (Na+) concentrations. Growth rate, biomass, nutrient content, and K+ transporter expression levels were recorded for the fungus, and the colonization rate, root development parameters, biomass, and shoot nutrient accumulation were determined for mycorrhizal and non‐mycorrhizal plants. P. ammoniavirescens was tolerant to high salinity, although growth and nutrient concentrations varied with K+ availability and increasing Na+ exposure. While loblolly pine root growth and development decreased with increasing salinity, ECM colonization was unaffected by pine response to salinity. The mycorrhizal influence on loblolly pine salinity response was strongly dependent on external K+ availability. This study reveals that P. ammoniavirescens can reduce Na+ accumulation of salt‐exposed loblolly pine, but this effect depends on external K+ availability.

Funder

Agence Nationale de la Recherche

National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Publisher

Wiley

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