Eye Movements, Pupil Dilation, and Conflict Detection in Reasoning: Exploring the Evidence for Intuitive Logic

Author:

Purcell Zoe A.12,Roberts Andrew J.3,Handley Simon J.4,Howarth Stephanie4

Affiliation:

1. Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse University of Toulouse

2. Artificial and Natural Intelligence Institute of Toulouse University of Toulouse

3. Department of Philosophy Macquarie University

4. School of Psychological Sciences Macquarie University

Abstract

AbstractA controversial claim in recent dual process accounts of reasoning is that intuitive processes not only lead to bias but are also sensitive to the logical status of an argument. The intuitive logic hypothesis draws upon evidence that reasoners take longer and are less confident on belief–logic conflict problems, irrespective of whether they give the correct logical response. In this paper, we examine conflict detection under conditions in which participants are asked to either judge the logical validity or believability of a presented conclusion, accompanied by measures of eye movement and pupil dilation. The findings show an effect of conflict, under both types of instruction, on accuracy, latency, gaze shifts, and pupil dilation. Importantly, these effects extend to conflict trials in which participants give a belief‐based response (incorrectly under logic instructions or correctly under belief instructions) demonstrating both behavioral and physiological evidence in support of the logical intuition hypothesis.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Artificial Intelligence,Cognitive Neuroscience,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology

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