1. Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
2. Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
3. Department of Veterinary Preclinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor 43400 Malaysia
4. Ultimeat Sdn. Bhd. Lot G‐LC‐1, Hive 5, MRANTI Park, Bukit Jalil Kuala Lumpur 57000 Malaysia
5. Institute of Chemistry University of Sargodha Sargodha 40100 Pakistan