History of key regulatory peptide systems and perspectives for future research

Author:

Chen Duan1ORCID,Rehfeld Jens F.2ORCID,Watts Alan G.3ORCID,Rorsman Patrik4ORCID,Gundlach Andrew L.56ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway

2. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark

3. Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences University of Southern California Los Angeles California USA

4. Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine University of Oxford Oxford UK

5. The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia

6. Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health and Department of Anatomy and Physiology The University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia

Abstract

AbstractThroughout the 20th Century, regulatory peptide discovery advanced from the identification of gut hormones to the extraction and characterization of hypothalamic hypophysiotropic factors, and to the isolation and cloning of multiple brain neuropeptides. These discoveries were followed by the discovery of G‐protein‐coupled and other membrane receptors for these peptides. Subsequently, the systems physiology associated with some of these multiple regulatory peptides and receptors has been comprehensively elucidated and has led to improved therapeutics and diagnostics and their approval by the US Food and Drug Administration. In light of this wealth of information and further potential, it is truly a time of renaissance for regulatory peptides. In this perspective, we review what we have learned from the pioneers in exemplified fields of gut peptides, such as cholecystokinin, enterochromaffin‐like‐cell peptides, and glucagon, from the trailblazing studies on the key stress hormone, corticotropin‐releasing factor, as well as from more recently characterized relaxin‐family peptides and receptors. The historical viewpoints are based on our understanding of these topics in light of the earliest phases of research and on subsequent studies and the evolution of knowledge, aiming to sharpen our vision of the current state‐of‐the‐art and those studies that should be prioritized in the future.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems,Endocrinology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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