Function of eponymous structures in echinoderms: a review

Abstract

Eponymous structures in echinoderms include Aristotle's lantern, Cuvierian tubules, Gregory's diverticulum, Hoffmann's organ, Lange's and Ludwig's nerves, Polian vesicles, Prouho's membrane, Reichensperger's organ, Simroth's organs, Stewart's organs, and Tiedemann's bodies and pouches. They are of particular interest because they are unique to echinoderms. Descriptive anatomical studies have provided the basis for most interpretations of their function, but many questions remain. Experimental physiological studies are necessary for a complete understanding of their roles. Systematically comparative studies are essential to establish their phylogeny.