1H-NMR analysis of the human urinary metabolome in response to an 18-month multi-component exercise program and calcium–vitamin-D3supplementation in older men

Author:

Sheedy John R.123,Gooley Paul R.4,Nahid Amsha5,Tull Dedreia L.2,McConville Malcolm J.24,Kukuljan Sonja6,Nowson Caryl A.6,Daly Robin M.6,Ebeling Peter R.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine, NorthWest Academic Centre, Sunshine Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Furlong Road, St Albans, Victoria, Australia, 3021.

2. Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010.

3. Department of Zoology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010.

4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3010.

5. Monash University, Department of Physiology, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia, 3800.

6. Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia, 3125.

Abstract

The musculoskeletal benefits of calcium and vitamin-D3supplementation and exercise have been extensively studied, but the effect on metabolism remains contentious. Urine samples were analyzed by1H-NMR spectroscopy from participants recruited for an 18-month, randomized controlled trial of a multi-component exercise program and calcium and vitamin-D3fortified milk consumption. It was shown previously that no increase in musculoskeletal composition was observed for participants assigned to the calcium and vitamin-D3intervention, but exercise resulted in increased bone mineral density, total lean body mass, and muscle strength. Retrospective metabolomics analysis of urine samples from patients involved in this study revealed no distinct changes in the urinary metabolome in response to the calcium and vitamin-D3intervention, but significant changes followed the exercise intervention, notably a reduction in creatinine and an increase in choline, guanidinoacetate, and hypoxanthine (p < 0.001, fold change > 1.5). These metabolites are intrinsically involved in anaerobic ATP synthesis, intracellular buffering, and methyl-balance regulation. The exercise intervention had a marked effect on the urine metabolome and markers of muscle turnover but none of these metabolites were obvious markers of bone turnover. Measurement of specific urinary exercise biomarkers may provide a basis for monitoring performance and metabolic response to exercise regimes.

Publisher

Canadian Science Publishing

Subject

Physiology (medical),Nutrition and Dietetics,Physiology,General Medicine,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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