1. AISC. 2003. Torsional analysis of structural steel members. Design Guide 9, Steel Design Guide Series.Edited byP.A. Seaburg and C.J. Carter. American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, Ill.
2. AISC. 2005. Steel construction manual. 13th ed. American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, Ill.
3. BSI. 2000. Structural use of steelwork in building. Part 1: Code of practice for design: Rolled and welded sections. Standard 5950-1:2000. British Standards Institute, London, UK.
4. Torsion in Beams with Open Sections
5. CSA. 2001. Limit states design of steel structures. Standard CAN/CSA-S16–01. Canadian Standards Association, Mississauga, Ont.