LOW FREQUENCY RADIATION FROM A HORIZONTAL ANTENNA OVER A SPHERICAL EARTH

Abstract

The problem of the radiation from a horizontal antenna at low radio frequencies over a spherical earth is discussed. The solution is facilitated by considering that the surface of the earth can be characterized by a boundary impedance. It is shown that, in general, both vertically and horizontally polarized waves are radiated along the surface of the earth. At short distances for a homogeneous earth, the expressions are in agreement with Norton's formulas for the radiation field of a horizontal dipole over a flat earth.