Affiliation:
1. Institute of Radiobiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
Abstract
The anti-tumor properties of common lichens of Belarus: Hypogymnia physodes, Ramalina pollinaria, Cladonia arbuscula, Evernia prunastri were studied using the models of spontaneous and induced carcinogenesis in mice Af lungs. Without exposing to a carcinogen in 20 weeks after taking aqueous lichen extracts (1 g/l) of 4 species for 28 days, only C. arbuscula showed the pro-carcinogenic properties almost doubling the average number of pulmonary adenomas per mouse. R. pollinaria and E. prunastri did not provoke spontaneous carcinogenesis and had a corrective effect significantly reducing the number of adenomas per mouse by 21 and 45 %, respectively. To carry out induced carcinogenesis, after 2 weeks of taking aqueous extracts, mice were injected intraperitoneally with urethane (1 g/kg). The analysis of the total number of adenomas per mouse showed a pro-tumor tendency for C. arbuscula, and the analysis of the number of adenomas of 1 mm and more showed that for H. physodes. The extracts do not affect the proportion of urethane adenomas of various sizes in their total number, but increase the incidence of high-yield adenomas of various sizes; at the same time, H. physodes has a much greater pro-carcinogenic activity according to the incidence of high-yield adenomas of 1 mm or more. The analysis of the total number of urethane adenomas per mouse, as well as adenomas of 1 mm showed an anti-tumor tendency for R. pollinaria and a pro-tumor tendency for E. prunastri. Taking E. prunastri increased the incidence of high-yield adenomas of various sizes, along with a notable increase in the incidence of low-yield adenomas. In the case of R. pollinaria, the increase in the incidence of low-yield adenomas was supplemented by a sharp decrease in the incidence of high-yield adenomas. As a result of the experiment, E. prunastri has exhibited both the pro-carcinogenic activity and the anti-tumor properties, but R. pollinaria has revealed a pronounced anti-tumor potential.
Publisher
Publishing House Belorusskaya Nauka
Reference15 articles.
1. Ramya K., Thiyagarajan T. Lichens: A myriad hue of Bioresources with medicinal properties. International Journal of Life Sciences, 2017, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 387–393.
2. Rankovic B. Lichen secondary metabolites: Bioactive Properties and Pharmaceutical Potential. Springer International Publishing, 2015. 206 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13374-4
3. Vavrinchuk A. S., Marochko A. Yu. Skin cancer: risk factors, epidemiology in Russia and in the world. Modern Problems of Science and Education, 2015, no. 6, pp. 89 (in Russian).
4. Anisimov V. N., Zabezhinsky M. A., Popovich I. G., Pliss G. B., Bespalov V. G., Aleksandrov V. A., Stukov A. N., Anikin I. V., Alimova I. N., Egormin P. A., Panchenko A. V., Piskunova T. S., Semenchenko A. V., Tyndyk M. L., Yurova M. N. Modern approaches to the study of carcinogenic safety, antitumor, anticarcinogenic and geroprotective activity of pharmacological drugs. Voprosy onkologii = Problems of Oncology, 2012, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 7–18 (in Russian).
5. Fujikawa F., Hirai K., Hirayama T., Toyota T., Urasaki M., Takagawa M., Fukuda M., Moritani K., Tomoike S., Harada H., Matoba C. On the Free Amino Acids in Lichens of Japan. II. Yakugaku Zasshi, 1972, vol. 92, no. 7, pp. 823–827. https://doi.org/10.1248/yakushi1947.92.7_823