The origins of criminal liability for misleading in ancient world culture

Abstract

Naturally, both religious and philosophical and moral and ethical ideas of worldview are based on the concept of the origin ofthe world, which is set out in the world’s religious scriptures. Any science does not invent anything, but only reveals the phenomena,phenomena, their laws and essence that exist first in nature, in the life of the human community. Jurisprudence, if it claims to be a truescience, should do the same: to identify those legal relations that were originally the basis of the functioning of man and humanity.The article presents the origins of criminal liability under Article 384 of the Criminal Code, which have their source in the worldreligious systems. Most of the main provisions of the current criminal law of all world countries are based on basic religious canons.Responsibility for false testimony was provided by the laws of all times and peoples. The criminal law of European nations originatesdirectly from the Bible, the ninth commandment emphasizes: «Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor». The ninth commandmentwas recorded on stone tablets and meant a prohibition to make false denunciations, testify falsely in court, slander, slander,and so on.The fourth commandment of the Buddhist canon mentions: «I accept the rule of teaching to refrain from false words». The mainprovision of the Buddhist commandment «renunciation of lies» is accompanied by virtue: honesty and reliability, and in the field ofhuman rights: the right to human dignity.In Muslim countries, whose laws are based on the norms of Islam (Sharia), criminal law is inseparable from religious ones. InIslam, perjury is a great sin, as it contributes to the punishment of the innocent and the impunity of the guilty. The Qur’an says, «Avoidfalse witness». «On the Day of Judgment, a false witness will not move from his place».Examining the depths of centuries of civilization and the basic foundations of world law, it is clear that the main content can beformulated as a reminder that, no matter how legal thought develops, the origins of law remain intact and go back to human birth, tothe foundations open to humanity at the dawn of its formation and presented in sacred books and the first written monuments.