Polymorphism of Interleukins and Tumor Necrosis Factor a Genes in Multiple Myeloma Patients with Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Abstract

Aim. To assess polymorphism value of interleukins (IL6, IL1B, IL10) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF) genes in multiple myeloma (MM) patients who received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). Materials & Methods. The study enrolled 37 MM patients (15 men and 22 women) aged 38-66 years (mean age 54.5 ± 6.4 years), who received auto-HSCT. After transplantation, partial (PR), very good partial (VGPR), and complete (CR) responses were reported in 11, 7, and 19 patients, respectively. In 23 (62.2 %) patients CD34+ cell collection on the day of the first leukocytapheresis session exceeded the suboptimal level of 2.5 ^x 10⁶/kg. The control group included 236 healthy subjects. Genotyping by PCR with subsequent analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of amplified products was performed. To identify between-group differences in genotype distribution, Fisher's exact test with measurements of odds ratio (OR) and р-value was used. Results. The study group of patients was distinguished from the control group by more than twofold increased proportion of homozygous IL1B -31C (OR 2.7; p = 0.029). The proportion of heterozygous -174G/C allelic variant of IL6 gene in the subgroup of patients with CR after auto-HSCT was considerably higher than in patients with VGPR and PR (OR 5.6; p = 0.022). In the subgroup of patients with CD34+ cell collection > 2.5 x 10⁶/kg the proportion of those with IL10 -592C/C genotype was twice as high as in patients with lower CD34+ cell collection (OR 3.9; p = 0.091). Conclusion. The present study confirms the relationship of -31C/T polymorphism in IL1B gene in homozygous state with higher MM risk. It proved the association of -174G/C polymorphism in IL6 gene and -592C/A polymorphism in IL10 gene with the chosen criteria for auto-HSCT efficacy. To precisely clarify the value of variants in the above genes for predicting chemotherapy effect in MM, further studies involving more patients are required.