1. Graduate Student, College of Nursing, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
2. Professor, College of Nursing · Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.
3. Clinical Associate Professor, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
4. Visiting Professor, Department of Nursing, Daedong College, Busan, Korea.
5. Assistant Professor, College of Nursing · Research Institute of Nursing Science, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.