Restoration works and major repairs at cultural heritage sites: basic aspects of building digitization in forecasting and planning of works

Abstract

Introduction. The problematics of exploitation of objects of cultural heritage (OCH) is covered. The classification of OCH and peculiarities of their definition in different countries are presented. The statistical data on OCH in the Russian Federation, including those belonging to UNESCO, are analyzed. The peculiarities of management, problems of monitoring the state of OCH are considered. The fundamental issue of OCH management is the protection activity, which is based on unique models formed by different countries on the basis of their unique experience. The proposed approach to creating a methodology for capital works on OCH using digital twins (DT) of buildings is of practical importance, as it makes it possible to predict the serviceability and preservation in time of objects, providing the necessary degree of elaboration of structural sections of the restoration of OCH projects. The aim of the study is to describe the modern approach to forecasting and planning of capital works on OCH. Materials and methods. The data of the national and international normative-legal base in the field of urban planning and protection of OCH are used. The public source of statistical information on OCH is the Unified State Register of OCH. General methods of scientific knowledge were used: methods of empirical research (observation, comparison) and methods of theoretical research (abstraction, analysis and synthesis). Results. The conducted research determined the basic aspects of diagnosing OCH in a digital environment, allowing the formation of certain provisions of the methodology for creating digital twins of objects. Conclusions. The issue of capital works on the OCH does not lose its relevance for scientific discussions in the applied areas of development of digital technologies in the construction industry. The use of digital twins of buildings in the selected subject area of the study will optimize the work on project documentation, minimize current adjustments to projects at the stage of its implementation, providing significant cost savings in comparison with modern practices, and ultimately achieve maximum safety of the OCH.