Use of bone graft alloplast β-tricalcium phosphate in regenerative periodontal surgery treatment: A systematic review

Abstract

Abstract Aim: β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is an alloplastic bone graft material with osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties, which acts as an alternative bone graft that has been widely used in dentistry. This study aimed to review the use of β-TCP alloplastic bone grafts in several cases in the treatment of periodontal regenerative surgery. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and EBSCOhost databases using the PICO framework based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Systems and Meta-Analyses. The type of article was research articles using β-TCP alloplast bone graft material in periodontal regenerative surgery in a human alveolar bone defect in English with randomized controlled trials and clinical trials methods in the last 10 years. Data includes number, author, defect criteria, study group, follow-up, parameters and results, and conclusions. Results: Ten articles were included based on eligibility criteria, consisting of nine articles using β-TCP in the treatment of periodontal defects, that are five articles on intrabony defects, two articles on infrabony defects, an article in localized periodontal defects, and an article on involvement furcation grade II. Then, another article used β-TCP for alveolar ridge preservation. The results showed eight articles had statistically significant results in clinical parameters (reducing clinical attachment level (CAL) and Periodontal Pocket Depth (PPD), and radiographic parameters at certain times compared with baseline, and two articles showed no significant results between the β-TCP alone and the β-TCP with additional biomaterials or other bone graft materials. Conclusions: β-TCP as an alloplastic bone graft improved clinical and radiographic parameters in regenerative periodontal surgery, especially in intrabony defects, infrabony defects, localized periodontal defects, grade II furcation, and alveolar ridge preservations.