Validity and reliability of the translated Marathi version of the 14-item health literacy scale

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: Various tools for measuring health literacy are designed to assess reading comprehension and numeracy in English speakers. There is a need to develop a tool in the vernacular language and estimate health literacy levels in Indian settings. The present study was conducted with the objectives to develop a Marathi version of a 14-item health literacy scale (HLS-14) to test the reliability and validity of its Marathi version and to estimate the health literacy among patients attending the out-patient department at a tertiary care centre. Methodology: The present study was conducted among 50 adult patients attending the out-patient department of a tertiary hospital from July 2022 to December 2022. The 14-Item Health Literacy Scale available in English was translated into Marathi and back-translated to English, and the final version was developed. Bilingual study subjects were asked to fill the scales on day 0 and on day 7. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated for internal validity, and the correlation coefficient was calculated for the reliability of the tool and health literacy was estimated. Results: When items of the Health Literacy Scale were analysed, all the items barring 2, 6, and 10 gave an r-value of more than 0.70, which shows good reliability of each translated item. The Cronbach’s alpha value found for the current translated Marathi questionnaire is 0.66. Internal consistency is good. The mean total health literacy score was 51.16 ± 6.81. Conclusions: A translated Marathi version of HLS-14 is developed, which is valid and reliable. The health literacy among the study participants is marginal.