Repellent and larvicidal properties of selected indigenous plants in the control of Anopheles mosquitoes-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Repellent and larvicidal properties of selected indigenous plants in the control of Anopheles mosquitoes

Published:2024-01 Issue:1 Volume:61 Page:90-100
ISSN:0972-9062
Container-title:Journal of Vector Borne Diseases
language:en
Short-container-title:

Author:

Opoku-Bamfoh Obadiah¹,Kwarteng Sandra Abankwa¹,Owusu Frema A N¹,Akpanya Raphael¹,Mensah Kelvin A¹,Badu Mercy²,Gyamfi Fred Y¹,Sogbo Victoria¹,Belford Ebenezer J D¹,Boakye Abena³,Morrison Henry Morgan¹,Obuam Patrick K⁴,Coleman Sylvester⁵

Affiliation:

1. Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

2. Department of Chemistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

3. Department of Food Science and Technology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

4. School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

5. Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

Abstract

Background & objectives: Widespread pyrethroid resistance and plastic-feeding behaviour of most malaria vectors across Africa threaten the efficacy of current insecticide-based vector control interventions like Insecticide-Treated Nets (ITNs) and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS). This study examined the larvicidal activity ofMorinda citrifolia against Anopheles gambiae larvae and the repellent properties of Morinda citrifolia (Noni), Moringa oleifera (Moringa), and Ocimum basilicum (Basil) as complementary vector control tools against Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.). Methods: Noni, Basil, and Moringa oil extracts were obtained with the extraction techniques; Soxhlet, steam distillation and maceration respectively, using hexane and ethanol. The effectiveness of the extracts was assessed using the WHO standard larval susceptibility bioassay and guidelines for repellent efficacy. Following bioassays, effective doses (ED) and lethal concentrations (LC) were determined. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy analysis was performed to identify the bioactive chemical components of the extracts of Moringa oleifera and Ocimum basilicum. Results: Emulsified Morinda citrifolia seed oil had LC50=68.3, LC90=130.9 and LC99.9=222.5, and ED99. 9=308.3%v/v, the ethanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves had ED99.9= 1.25g/ml, and essential oil of Ocimum basilicum leaves had ED99.9=0.28g/ml against Anopheles gambiae. Interpretation & conclusion: The results obtained indicated that seed oil of Morinda citrifolia, essential oil of Ocimum basilicum, and crude extract of Moringa oleifera have repellent activity against An. gambiae s.l. The complete protection time (CPT) of Morinda citrifolia, Moringa oleifera, and Ocimum basilicum was 120 min, 72 min and 84 min at ED99.9 respectively. Morinda citrifolia oil exhibited larvicidal effects against the larvae of An. gambiae s.l. The results provide valuable information for the use of the plants as biocides.

Publisher

Medknow

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