Evaluation of the effect of mechanical alteration of enamel surface on shear bond strength of self-adhering composites utilizing different adhesive modalities

Abstract

Abstract Background: Self-adhering flowable composite (SAC), which has currently been launched, is said to be postoperatively responsive and less technique-reactive than previous materials. Clinical demands for bonding to undamaged, modified, or prepared enamel surfaces—which may attach differently with adhesive resins—often accompany restorative demands. Very little information was available for SAC. Aim: This study was carried out to determine the impact of mechanical enamel surface modification on shear strength properties in various bonding procedures. Materials and Methods: The three groups of prepared enamel surfaces (group A, n = 60), unprepared enamel surfaces (group B, n = 60), and prepared enamel surfaces plus etch-and-rinse (group C, n = 20), which served as the control group, were randomly assigned to the 140 constructed samples. Subgroups A1, B1 (nanohybrid composite + self-etch), A2, B2 (self-adhering composite), and A3, B3 (self-adhering composite + self-etch) were created from groups A and B, respectively (n = 40). Composite resin cylinders with the unique bonding protocols of each group were created using Teflon ring molds. Testing for shear bond strength was done, and information was examined. Results: The control group C was found to have the highest mean shear bond strength (29.77 MPa), whereas subgroup B2 had the lowest mean shear bond strength (8.4 MPa). For all adhesive techniques, shear bond strength values for prepared enamel surfaces were considerably greater than those for unprepared enamel surfaces (P < 0.01). The following were the mean shear bond strength values: C > A1 > A3 > A2 > B1 > B3 > B2. Conclusions: Shear bond tensile properties on prepared enamel surfaces were higher than those of unprepared enamel surfaces. Higher shear bond strength values of the self-adhering composite in prepared and unprepared enamel surfaces were produced by using a self-etch agent first.