Evaluation of plasma CCL3 levels in individuals with newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia and it’s correlation with clinical and laboratory parameters

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The most prevalent type of leukemia in adults is called chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). is a lymphoproliferative condition is defined by the mature clone’s expansion in blood, secondary lymphoid tissues, spleen and the bone marrow. CCL3 is a cytokine that is involved in development, repair, and the acute inflammatory state. CCL3, therefore, should become useful for risk assessment in patients with CLL. OBJECTIVES: The aims of the study were to estimate the level of plasma CCL3 in newly diagnosed patients with CLL matched to healthy controls and correlate it with hematological parameters and clinical parameters and prognostic markers such as CD38 and LAIR-1. PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was cross-sectional in nature. Patient group included 55 patients with newly established diagnosis of CLL proven by morphology and immunophenotyping and control group included sex and age matched of 30 healthy individuals. The plasma CCL3 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microsoft Office Excel 2019 and SPSS version 26 were used for the statistical analysis. The mean and standard deviation of normally distributed numerical values whereas the terms “median” and “range” were used to describe numerical values that are not regularly distributed. P <0.05 was used to determine the degree of significance. RESULTS: There were statistically significant relationships between CCL3 of patient (median level about 766.42 ng/ml) and control (median level about 453.35 ng/ml) groups (P < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between CCL3 and white blood cell, hemoglobin, and absolute lymphocyte count (P = 0.013, P < 0.001, and P = 0.011, respectively). There was a strong relationship between CCL3 expression with Binet stage and with hepatomegaly (P < 0.001 and P = 0.020, respectively), but no significant relation between CCL3 expression and CD38 and LAIR-1. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with CLL had high levels of CCL3, which increased with advancing Binet stages. Therefore, our research clarified the useful and simplicity of measurement of CCL3 plasma levels for follow-up in CLL patients and risk assessment.