Coping Patterns and Psychosocial Distress in Hemophilia Patients: A Cross-sectional Study from South Gujarat, India

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Hemophilia is hereditary genetic disorder with defects in normal blood clotting mechanisms. It is characterized by a chronic course requiring lifelong treatment. Persons with hemophilia (PWH) are known to have significant stress due to socio-occupational impairments caused due to the illness. It affects the treatment outcomes adversely. There are few studies from India that have looked at the factors and prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in this population. Aim: To study coping patterns, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression profiles in adult patients of hemophilia. Materials and Methods: A purposive sample of 52 PWH was collected. We used a semi-structured questionnaire to obtain demographic data, illness profiles, and experience of complications and concerns of the participants. Scales used were Beck’s depression inventory, Anxiety scale, Holmes and Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale scale, and COPE questionnaire. Results: About 41% of the individuals had depression and 26.92% of individuals had trait anxiety. The state-dependent anxiety was seen in 69%. About 50% were found to be susceptible to stress-related illness. The adaptive coping style, namely, problem-focused coping, was associated with lower scores on the screening instruments. The presence of certain complications was associated with higher use of maladaptive coping strategies like the use of emotion and avoidance-focused coping. Conclusions: Considering the impact and morbidity, screening for psychological distress and analysis of coping styles of PWH should be a part of routine care.