Long-Term Result of Cementless Femoral Stem in Avascular Necrosis of the Hip

Abstract

Avascular necrosis (AVN) of the hip may have extensive involvement of the proximal femur which may affect boney ingrowth into cementless femoral stems. From 1994 to 2004, 182 total hip arthroplasties (in 144 patients, 117 AVN hips and 65 non-AVN hips) were performed using hydroxyapatite coated femoral stems. All patients were followed up prospectively. Mean age was 51 years and mean follow-up 14.7 years (range 9.7-19.1 years). Four stems were revised because of aseptic loosening, 3 in AVN group and 1 in non-AVN group. The overall mechanical failure rate was 2.2%, the mechanical failure rate in AVN and non-AVN group was 2.6% and 1.5% respectively (p = 1). The 19.1 year survival using revision for aseptic loosening as an endpoint for AVN and non-AVN patients were 97.1% and 96.2% respectively (p = 0.654). Stable boney ingrowth was present in 99.5% hips. This study represents 1 of the largest series reporting the long-term follow-up of the use of cementless femoral stems in treating AVN of the hip. We report excellent long-term survival of cementless total hip arthroplasty used in managing AVN of the hip and is comparable to that seen in non-AVN total hip arthroplasty.