Inhaled insulin1Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; AIDs, acquired immune deficiency syndrome; SC, subcutaneous; DCCT, Diabetes Control and Complications Trial; IDDM, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; NIDDM, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; i.v., intravenous; DDPC, di-decanoyl-alpha-phosphatidylcholine; AUC, area under the curve; INH, inhaled; Cmax, maximum serum concentration; Cmin, minimum serum concentration; Tmax, time of maximum serum concentration; NS, not significant; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; OA, oral agent; SD, standard deviation; MDI, metered dose inhaler; DPI, dry powder inhaler; MMAD, mass median aerodynamic diameter; CMC, critical micelle concentration; SR, sustained release; PLGA, poly lactic acid-co-glycolic acid; GI, gastrointestinal, GSD, geometric standard deviation; TLC, total lung capacity; VC, vital capacity; SMK, smokers; MW, molecular weight; MP, melting point.1