1. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism: what is alcoholism? www.niaaa.nih.gov/FAQs/general.English/FAQ1.htm
2. National Institute on Drug Abuse: Drug abuse information. www.nida.nih.gov/drugpages.html
3. Prevalence and Co-occurrence of Substance Use Disorders and Independent Mood and Anxiety Disorders: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions;Grant;Arch Gen Psychiatry,2004
4. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Office of Applied Studies, National Survey on Drug Use and Health: NSDUH Report: Binge Alcohol Use among Persons Aged 12 to 20. 2002 and 2003 Update: http://oas.samhsa.gov/2k5/youthBinge/youthBinge.htm
5. Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: Implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation;McLellan;JAMA,2000