1. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Review of Maritime Report 2021. United Nations Publ 2021:27–8. https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/rmt2021_en_0.pdf (accessed July 4, 2022).
2. The Japanese Shipowners’ Association (JSA). 日本の海運 Shipping Now 2021-2022. 2022. http://www.jsanet.or.jp/data/pdf/allpage2021.pdf (accessed July 4, 2022).
3. Japan Transport Safety Board. Statistics of Marine Accident 2022. https://www.mlit.go.jp/jtsb/statistics_mar.html (accessed July 4, 2022).
4. Marine safety;Molland,2008
5. International Maritime Organization (IMO). International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978. London, England: International Maritime Organization; 1978.