1. Aaseng, N.E., Almendinger, J.C., Rusterholz, K., Wovcha, D., Klein, T.R., 2003. Field guide to the native plant communities of Minnesota: The Laurentian mixed forest province 394.
2. Short- and long-term results of alternative silviculture in peatland black spruce in Minnesota;Anderson;USA. For. Sci.,2019
3. Description of the Ecoregions of the United States;Bailey,1980
4. Spread of Arceuthobium pusillum and rate of infection and mortality in black spruce stands;Baker;Plant Dis.,1980
5. Radial enlargement of mortality centers caused by Arceuthobium pusillum peck in black spruce stands;Baker;For. Sci.,1991