1. Cook, M. E. (2000). What citizens want from e-government. Center for Technology in Government, University at Albany; Ho, A. (2002). Reinventing local governments and the ‘e-government’ initiative. Public Administration Review, 62(4), 434–444; Moon, M. J. (2002). The evolution of e-government among municipalities: Rhetoric or reality? Public Administration Review, 62(4), 424–433; West, D. M. (2000). Assessing e-government: The Internet, democracy, and service delivery. Brown University; West, D. M. (2002). State and federal e-government in the United States. Center for Public Policy, Brown University.
2. Before the invention of computers, many societies already had information kiosks in public places. For example, they could be found in the streets of Paris in the 1870s, which housed newsstands and displayed theater and gallery advertisements. The advancement of information technologies in the 20th Century gave information kiosks a new meaning. Instead of being simple post boards for printed materials, they are empowered by computer and telecommunication devices to provide public information and services in convenient locations.
3. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). (2001). The hidden threat to e-government: Avoiding large government IT failures. Available: http://www1.oecd.org/puma/risk/ITfailuresE.pdf. Accessed August 3, 2004.
4. Redmond, M. (1986). State data centers: Improving access to census information. Government Information Quarterly, 3(3), 291–303; Seidle, F. L. (1995). Rethinking the delivery of public services to citizens. Montreal, Canada: Institute for Research on Public Policy.
5. Gore, A. (1993). Reengineering through information technology. Accompanying Report of the National Performance Review. Available: http://www.npr.gov/library/reports/it.html. Accessed October 31, 2001; McClure, D. L. (2000). Statement of David L. MaClure, U.S. General Accounting Office, before the Subcommittee on Government Management, Information and Technology, Committee on Government Reform, House of Representative.