Pseudodesulfovibrio nedwellii sp. nov., a mesophilic sulphate-reducing bacterium isolated from a xenic culture of an anaerobic heterolobosean protist

Abstract

A novel sulphate-reducing bacterium, strain SYKT, was isolated from a xenic culture of an anaerobic protist obtained from a sulphidogenic sediment of the saline Lake Hiruga in Fukui, Japan. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that SYKT clustered with the members of the genus Pseudodesulfovibrio . The closest relative of strain SYKT was Pseudodesulfovibrio sediminis SF6T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence identity of 97.43 %. Digital DNA–DNA hybridisation and average nucleotide identity values between SYKT and species of the genus Pseudodesulfovibrio fell below the respective thresholds for species delineation, indicating that SYKT represents a novel species of the genus Pseudodesulfovibrio . Cells measured 1.7–3.7×0.2–0.5 µm in size and were Gram-stain-negative, obligately anaerobic, motile by means of a single polar flagellum and had a curved rod or sigmoid shape. Cell growth was observed under saline conditions from pH 6.0 to 9.5 (optimum pH 8.0–9.0) and at a temperature of 10–30 °C (optimum 25 °C). SYKT used lactate, pyruvate, fumarate, formate and H2 as electron donors. It used sulphate, sulphite, thiosulphate and sulphur as terminal electron acceptors. Pyruvate and fumarate were fermented. Major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c). The DNA G+C content of SYKT was 49.4 mol%. On the basis of the the genetic and phenotypic features, SYKT was determined to represent a novel species of the genus Pseudodesulfovibrio for which the name Pseudodesulfovibrio nedwellii sp. nov. is proposed with type strain SYKT (=DSM 114958T=JCM 35746T).