Gramella sediminis sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea

Abstract

A novel species of the genusGramella, designated ASW11-100T, was isolated from a tidal flat sediment in the Yellow Sea, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and single-copy orthologous clusters revealed that strain ASW11-100Tbelonged to the genusGramella, and exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.9, 98.8 and 98.7 % toGramella sabulilitorisHSMS-1T,Gramella sediminilitorisGHTF-27TandGramella forsetiiKT0803T, respectively. The genome of strain ASW11-100Tharbours 2950 protein-coding genes and 105 carbohydrate-active enzymes including 38 glycoside hydrolases. Seventeen of the glycoside hydrolases are organized in five distinct polysaccharide utilization loci, which are predicted to involve in the degradation of starch, glucans, arabinoxylans, arabinomannan, arabinans and arabinogalactans. The genomic DNA G+C content was 37.3 mol%. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between strain ASW11-100Tand its closely related relatives were in ranges of 19.8–23.9% and 76.6–80.9 %, respectively. Cells of the isolate were Gram-negative, aerobic, non-flagellated and short rod-shaped. Carotenoid pigments were produced, but flexirubin-type pigments were absent. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 03-OH and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6cand/or C16 : 1 ω7c). The sole respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 and the major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. Based on the above polyphasic evidence, strain ASW11-100Tshould be considered to represent a novelGramellaspecies, for which the nameGramella sediminissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ASW11-100T(=KCTC 82502T=MCCC 1K05580T).