Monitoring Strategies for Heavy Metals in Foods and Beverages: Limitations for Human Health Risks

Abstract

Foods and beverages with heavy metal contents, their Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL), Estimated Dietary Intake (EDI), Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) to study carcinogenic effects with other human health related matters and metal remediation’s are high priority issues for sustainable world-wide developments. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES), Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS), Flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TRXF) Spectroscopy, Chemical Replacement Combined with Surface-Enhanced Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (CR-SENLIBS), Electrochemical apt- sensors are some advanced monitoring tactics for heavy metal detection. Nanotechnology innovations, soil state-of art remediation are used now-a-days for removal of metals from foods and beverages. In addition to this, chelating ligands, plant phenolic have crucial applications in heavy metal removal from foods. Bio-absorbents like microbial cultures, fermentation wastes also play crucial role in heavy metal remediation from foods and beverages. In the present chapter various metal monitoring tactics are focused with advance metal remediation procedures associated with food and beverages. Limitations of various metals associated with human health risks are also summarized herein.