Diet in Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

With the increasing incidence of CKD worldwide due to the causes involving multiple comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus etc., CKD becomes a common disease throughout the world where nutrition plays an important role in the management of disease. Also, diet modification becomes necessary to control the intake of energy, proteins, fats, vitamins & minerals (Na+, K+, Ca+2 & phosphorus) in daily food ration which is quite a burdensome. Lack of adherence to dietetic recommendation contributes to low consumption of nutrients including energy, vitamins and minerals which can further lead to protein energy wasting (PEW) known as protein energy malnutrition (PEM) of CKD. Additionally, usage of patient-centred & cost-effective nutritional modifications and disease specific dietary changes may help in enhancing longevity and delaying the need of hemodialysis in millions of people across the world.