Affiliation:
1. General Microbiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany;
Abstract
Responding to environmental cues is a prerequisite for survival in the microbial world. Extracytoplasmic function σ factors (ECFs) represent the third most abundant and by far the most diverse type of bacterial signal transduction. While archetypal ECFs are controlled by cognate anti-σ factors, comprehensive comparative genomics efforts have revealed a much higher abundance and regulatory diversity of ECF regulation than previously appreciated. They have also uncovered a diverse range of anti-σ factor–independent modes of controlling ECF activity, including fused regulatory domains and phosphorylation-dependent mechanisms. While our understanding of ECF diversity is comprehensive for well-represented and heavily studied bacterial phyla—such as Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria (phylum Actinomycetota)—our current knowledge about ECF-dependent signaling in the vast majority of underrepresented phyla is still far from complete. In particular, the dramatic extension of bacterial diversity in the course of metagenomic studies represents both a new challenge and an opportunity in expanding the world of ECF-dependent signal transduction.
Cited by
2 articles.
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