Affiliation:
1. Gradenigo Hospital, Turin, Italy;
2. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Italy
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic fat accumulation in the absence of significant ethanol consumption, viral infection, or other specific causes of liver disease. Currently the most common chronic liver disease, affecting 30% of the Western world, NAFLD may progress to cirrhosis and end-stage liver disease and may increase the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Although its pathogenesis is unclear, NAFLD is tightly associated with insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. No established treatment exists, and current research is targeting new molecular mechanisms that underlie NAFLD and associated cardiometabolic disorders. This review discusses some of these emerging molecular mechanisms and their therapeutic implications for the treatment of NAFLD: microRNAs, incretin analogs/antagonists, liver-specific thyromimetics, AMP-activated protein kinase activators, and nuclear receptors farnesoid X receptor and pregane X receptor.
Subject
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Medicine
Cited by
74 articles.
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