Pattern of Dental Diseases among patients presenting at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To determine the pattern of the dental diseases among patients attending dental department of the Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan Methodology: The study was carried out at the Dental Outpatient Department (OPD) of Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital. It used a cross-sectional design. The period of the study was June through December 2023. Consecutive sampling was used to enroll a total of 300 patients. Patients of any age with dental conditions, regardless of gender, who were undergoing treatment at the Dental OPD were eligible to participate as long as they fulfilled the inclusion requirements. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire covering relevant study variables including demographic and different dental diseases was used for data collection. For analysis, data were imported into SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 300 patients were included in the study, the mean age was 31±15 years, 181 (60.3%) were females. Most of the patients 160 (53.3%) presented with dental caries, 41(13.7%) with broken down root, 14 (4.7%) with calculus, 14 (4.7%) with gingivitis, 12 (4%) with periodontal disease, 6 (2%) with mal-aligned teeth, 4 (1.3%) with trauma, 1 (0.3%) with staining, 48(16%) with other diseases. About one third 93 (31%) of the patients had duration of disease as more than a year. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the distribution and management of dental diseases in a tertiary care setting. It emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to address dental health disparities and improve access to care in resource-constrained regions. Future research should focus on the socio-economic, environmental, and behavioral determinants of dental diseases to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies. Keywords: Calculus, Caries, Dental diseases, Frequency, Gingivitis,