Cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin: Causes, diagnosis, consequences and possibilities of prevention

Author:

Radić Jelena,Kolarov Bjelobrk,Stefanović Maja,Bosanac Milana,Cvetković Biljana,Janičić Stefan,Dolamić Borislav,Ćuk Dragomir,Andrejić-Višnjić BojanaORCID

Abstract

Introduction: Doxorubicin is an antibiotic from the anthracycline group, with clinical use limited by adverse reactions, primarily cardiotoxicity. Material and Methods: This article provides an overview of therapeutic and toxic doses of doxorubicin, the mechanism of side effects, markers for early detection as well as currently available preparations for preventing its toxicity. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, SCIndex, Dimension, Scopus and Google for English and Serbian language abstracts, using the searching terms "doxorubicin", "cardiotoxicty", "carotenoids", "oncology", "oxidative stress", "DNA damage" and "biomarkers". Topic: The mechanism of side effects is still unclear and is considered to be multifactorial including ROS overproduction, reducing levels of endogenous antioxidants, DNA damage, large drug accumulation in cardiac tissue, calcium overload, histamine release, and impairment of autoimmune regulation of cardiac function Manifestations of cardiotoxicity are mainly acute (appear inside 24h atypical changes of ST segment, decrease in QRS complex voltage, tachycardia and supraventricular extrasystoles are observed, but can also be subacute and chronic (cardiomyocyte edema, disorganzation, fibroblast proliferation, necrosis). Diagnosis of cardiotoxicity is based on ECG, ECHO, and biochemical markers, among which the most important are troponins, while pathohistological verification is necessary for the final diagnosis. Some medications (carvedilol, atorvastatin) have showed some level of cardioprotection against DOX, but there is no overall agreement on their administration solely for this purpose. An increasing number of studies have tested various dietary supplements and natural preparations (already in the human diet) in order to discover those that could completely prevent or reduce the toxic effects of doxorubicin, with special focus on carotenoids. Conclusion: Cardiotoxicity is the leading side effect of doxorubicin, and therefore there is an active search for either new biomarkers and/or diagnostic protocols that would detect toxicity in time, as well as substances able to prevent the occurrence or alleviate DOXinduced cardiotoxicity.

Publisher

Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES)

Subject

General Medicine

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3