1. Ainsaar, M., 1999, Changes in internal migration: Are there any changes and what counts? In M. Ainsaar, editor, Regional Policy and Migration . Tartu, Estonia: Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus, 114–126.
2. Andersen, H. and Sjöberg, Ö., 1996, Underurbanization revisited: Closed city policies, rural retention and urban-bound migration in Vietnam. In L. H. N. Chiang, J. F. Williams, and H. L. Bednarek, editors, Fourth Asian Urbanization Conference Proceedings . East Asia Occasional Paper 13. East Lansing, MI: Asia Studies Center, Michigan State University, 237–265.
3. Bater, J. H., 1980, The Soviet City . London, UK: Arnold.
4. Buckley, C., 1995, The myth of managed migration: Migration control and market in the Soviet Union. Slavic Review , Vol. 54, 896–916.
5. Chan, K. W., 1994, Cities with Invisible Walls: Reinterpreting Urbanization in Post-1949 China . Hong Kong: Oxford University Press.