Quality of life in individuals with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus undergoing hemodialysis

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney failure (CKF) are chronic conditions that can affect quality of life. However, few studies demonstrate the impact of hemodialysis on the quality of life of diabetic individuals in Brazil. Objective: To evaluate the quality of life in individuals with type 2 DM (DM2) undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out in a dialysis center in Itabuna-Bahia. Inclusion criteria: individuals treated at the dialysis center regardless of their residence location, with CKF and diabetes, with or without systemic arterial hypertension, at least 60 days after starting hemodialysis treatment, aged ≥ 18 years. This collection was carried out between 2019-2021. To this end, sociodemographic aspects were investigated and the Kidney Disease and Quality-of-Life Short-Form was used to analyze the quality of life of DM2 patients undergoing hemodialysis. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. This study was approved by the ethics committee under CAAE 19876819.6.0000.5526. Results: The study covered 47 individuals with a mean age of 59 years (±10), predominantly male (68.1%), with a partner (57.4%), uneducated and/or with low education (55, 3%), non-white (85.1%), retired or receiving disability benefits (85.1%) and treated with hemodialysis service through SUS (76.6%). The overall quality of life score was high. Being a smoker or ex-smoker reduced the physical, mental and chronic kidney disease component summaries. Minimum wage and being a user of hemodialysis services provided by SUS were associated with a decrease in the mental component summary. Unemployment was related to the reduction in the menta and kidney disease component summaries. Conclusion: Patients with DM2 on hemodialysis had a high quality of life and this can be further improved by adopting healthy lifestyle habits and a sustainable economic situation.