THE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MAIN PARAMETERS OF COMPUTED ACCOMMODOGRAPHY FOR THE SCHOOL CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH MYOPIA AND EMMETROPIA

Abstract

Purpose. The objective of the present study was to estimate the possibilities for the application of objective computed accommodometry as a diagnostic tool for the examination of the school children presenting with myopia and emmetropia. Material and methods. 262 (524 eyes) children of 7-17 years were examined using accommodometry. The study involved 184 (368 eyes) children with myopia and 78 (156 eyes) ones with emmetropia. All the patients were examined with the use of the Righton Speedy-K ver. MF-1 autorefractometer. Results. The preliminary analysis of the results of 2321 accommodograms taken in the children presenting with emmetropia and myopia revealed various forms of the accommodation response (balanced, weak, superfluous and labile). The accommodation coefficients was calculated for each patient. Accomodograms suggesting the unbalanced response prevailed among the children with myopia whereas those indicative of the normal accommodation response were more frequently obtained in the children with emmetropia; moreover, the relative number of such accommodograms increased with the age of the patients. The children with myopia showed the enhanced accommodation response manifest as its increased strength in the combination with a rise in its growth intensity and the frequency of microfluctuations. However, both the strength and the intensity of the response decreased with the age in the children suffering progression of myopia. The progress of myopia was accompanied by the further enhancement of microfluctuations and was responsible for the tendency toward instability of the accommodation response whereas stationary short-sightedness was associated with the stronger and more stable accommodation response. The accommodograms suggestive of the weak accommodation response corresponded to the large absolute accommodation volume and reserve of accommodation for far distance vision. High values of the relative accommodation reserve in the children with myopia were associated with the unstable accommodograms and the high frequency of microfluctuations. At the same time, the high values of the relative accommodation reserve in the children presenting with emmetropia are combined with the weak accommodation response. Conclusion. The data obtained by means of objective accommodography allow to extend the existing understanding of the accommodation function in the children with progressive myopia and provide a basis for the recommendation of this technique for a wider application in the clinical practice.