Peculiarities of the clinical picture of arterial hypertension depending on polymorphic variant of AGTR1 gene

Abstract

According to the literature, arterial hypertension is a multifactorial disease with a significant genetic component; therefore, the study of pathogenic mechanisms of this disease depending on gene polymorphism of the angiotensin system, in particular AGTR1, is of special interest. This study involved 30 patients, in 15 of whom arterial hypertension was diagnosed as a component of metabolic syndrome while the remaining 15 ones had isolated arterial hypertension. The genotyping of patients was performed using the polymerase chain reaction and detection of amplification products by horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA was extracted from blood samples. All patients underwent 24-hour BP monitoring (ABPM). Two groups were formed according to the results of PCR: one consisted of patients with the AGTR1А1166А genotype (n=16) and the other included patients with the AGTR1А1166СorAGTR1С1166С genotypes (n=14). The groups were matched for age, sex, body-weight index (BWI), and waist circumference (WC). We studied the features of arterial hypertension, the clinical course including duration of AH, maximum and minimum values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure during 24 hours, the degree of night-time drop in BP, and effects of antihypertensive therapy. It was shown that systolic blood pressure, duration of the disease, comorbidity, effects of the treatment, the frequency of metabolic syndrome were significantly different in the two groups. It was concluded that hypertension and metabolic syndrome may develop synchronously in patients with the C allele of the AGTR1 gene.