Experimental realization of one-dimensional single-atom array based on microscale optical dipole traps

Abstract

Neutral atom array serves as a crucial experimental platform for studying many-body physics, quantum computing, and quantum simulation. In this work, we describe in detail the experimental process of preparing a one-dimensional homogeneous single atom array containing 40 Cs atoms, including the dipole trap array generation device, atomic array fluorescence imaging, and the uniformity optimization of the dipole trap array. The beam waist of the dipole trap is about 1.8 μm, and the spatial resolution of the imaging system is higher than 1.55 μm. The non-uniformity of dipole trap array is mainly caused by the intermodulation effect of multi-tone signal during amplification. The uniformity of the dipole trap array is optimized to 2% (Fig. (a)) by measuring the fluctuations of the dipole trap intensity and the light shift of trapped atom, and providing feedback to adjust the phase and amplitude applied to the multi-tone RF signal on acousto-optic deflectors. Furthermore, the uniformity of oscillation frequency, loading rate, and lifetime for trapped atom in the dipole trap array are measured. These results show that oscillation frequency has a uniformity within 2% (Fig. (b)); mean loading rate is around 58% with a uniformity within 3%; and mean lifetime of single atom in dark trap is around 6(1) s with a uniformity within 8%.