1. Department of Learning Technology, Faculty of Education, State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Sumbersari, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang City, East Java 65145, Indonesia; Department of PPKn, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, PGRI Adi Buana University of Surabaya, Jl. Dukuh Menanggal XII, Kec. Gayungan, Surabaya City, East Java 60234, Indonesia
2. Department of Education Technology, Faculty of Education, State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Sumbersari, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang City, East Java 65145, Indonesia
3. Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, State University of Malang, Jl. Semarang No. 5, Sumbersari, Kec. Lowokwaru, Malang City, East Java 65145, Indonesia