Separating $${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$ from $${^{40}\hbox {Ar}}$$ by cryogenic distillation with Aria for dark-matter searches

Author:

Agnes P., ,Albergo S.,Albuquerque I. F. M.,Alexander T.,Alici A.,Alton A. K.,Amaudruz P.,Arba M.,Arpaia P.,Arcelli S.,Ave M.,Avetissov I. Ch.,Avetisov R. I.,Azzolini O.,Back H. O.,Balmforth Z.,Barbarian V.,Barrado Olmedo A.,Barrillon P.,Basco A.,Batignani G.,Bondar A.,Bonivento W. M.ORCID,Borisova E.,Bottino B.,Boulay M. G.,Buccino G.,Bussino S.,Busto J.,Buzulutskov A.,Cadeddu M.,Cadoni M.,Caminata A.,Canesi E. V.,Canci N.,Cappello G.,Caravati M.,Cárdenas-Montes M.,Cargioli N.,Carlini M.,Carnesecchi F.,Castello P.,Castellani A.,Catalanotti S.,Cataudella V.,Cavalcante P.,Cavuoti S.,Cebrian S.,Cela Ruiz J. M.,Celano B.,Chashin S.,Chepurnov A.,Cicalò C.,Cifarelli L.,Cintas D.,Coccetti F.,Cocco V.,Colocci M.,Conde Vilda E.,Consiglio L.,Copello S.,Corning J.,Covone G.,Czudak P.,D’Aniello M.,D’Auria S.,Da Rocha Rolo M. D.,Dadoun O.,Daniel M.,Davini S.,De Candia A.,De Cecco S.,De Falco A.,De Filippis G.,De Gruttola D.,De Guido G.,De Rosa G.,Della Valle M.,Dellacasa G.,De Pasquale S.,Derbin A. V.,Devoto A.,Di Noto L.,Di Eusanio F.,Dionisi C.,Di Stefano P.,Dolganov G.,Dongiovanni D.,Dordei F.,Downing M.,Erjavec T.,Falciano S.,Farenzena S.,Fernandez Diaz M.,Filip C.,Fiorillo G.,Franceschi A.,Franco D.,Frolov E.,Funicello N.,Gabriele F.,Galbiati C.,Garbini M.,Garcia Abia P.,Gendotti A.,Ghiano C.,Giampaolo R. A.,Giganti C.,Giorgi M. A.,Giovanetti G. K.,Gligan M. L.,Goicoechea Casanueva V.,Gola A.,Goretti A. M.,Graciani Diaz R.,Grigoriev G. Y.,Grobov A.,Gromov M.,Guan M.,Guerzoni M.,Guetti M.,Gulino M.,Guo C.,Hackett B. R.,Hallin A.,Haranczyk M.,Hill S.,Horikawa S.,Hubaut F.,Hugues T.,Hungerford E. V.,Ianni An.,Ippolito V.,James C. C.,Jillings C.,Kachru P.,Kemp A. A.,Kendziora C. L.,Keppel G.,Khomyakov A. V.,Kish A.,Kochanek I.,Kondo K.,Korga G.,Kubankin A.,Kugathasan R.,Kuss M.,Kuźniak M.,La Commara M.,La Delfa L.,La Grasta D.,Lai M.,Lami N.,Langrock S.,Leyton M.,Li X.,Lidey L.,Lippi F.,Lissia M.,Longo G.,Maccioni N.,Machulin I. N.,Mapelli L.,Marasciulli A.,Margotti A.,Mari S. M.,Maricic J.,Marinelli M.,Martínez M.,Martinez Rojas A. D.,Martini A.,Mascia M.,Masetto M.,Masoni A.,Mazzi A.,McDonald A. B.,Mclaughlin J.,Messina A.,Meyers P. D.,Miletic T.,Milincic R.,Miola R.,Moggi A.,Moharana A.,Moioli S.,Monroe J.,Morisi S.,Morrocchi M.,Mozhevitina E. N.,Mróz T.,Muratova V. N.,Murenu A.,Muscas C.,Musenich L.,Musico P.,Nania R.,Napolitano T.,Navrer Agasson A.,Nessi M.,Nikulin I.,Nowak J.,Oleinik A.,Oleynikov V.,Pagani L.,Pallavicini M.,Palmas S.,Pandola L.,Pantic E.,Paoloni E.,Paternoster G.,Pegoraro P. A.,Pellegrini L. A.,Pellegrino C.,Pelczar K.,Perotti F.,Pesudo V.,Picciau E.,Pietropaolo F.,Pinna T.,Pocar A.,Podda P.,Poehlmann D. M.,Pordes S.,Poudel S. S.,Pralavorio P.,Price D.,Raffaelli F.,Ragusa F.,Ramirez A.,Razeti M.,Razeto A.,Renshaw A. L.,Rescia S.,Rescigno M.,Resnati F.,Retiere F.,Rignanese L. P.,Ripoli C.,Rivetti A.,Rode J.,Romero L.,Rossi M.,Rubbia A.,Rucaj M.,Sabiu G. M.,Salatino P.,Samoylov O.,Sánchez García E.,Sandford E.,Sanfilippo S.,Sangiorgio V. A.,Santacroce V.,Santone D.,Santorelli R.,Santucci A.,Savarese C.,Scapparone E.,Schlitzer B.,Scioli G.,Semenov D. A.,Shaw B.,Shchagin A.,Sheshukov A.,Simeone M.,Skensved P.,Skorokhvatov M. D.,Smirnov O.,Smith B.,Sokolov A.,Stefanizzi R.,Steri A.,Stracka S.,Strickland V.,Stringer M.,Sulis S.,Suvorov Y.,Szelc A. M.,Szucs-Balazs J. Z.,Tartaglia R.,Testera G.,Thorpe T. N.,Tonazzo A.,Torres-Lara S.,Tosti S.,Tricomi A.,Tuveri M.,Unzhakov E. V.,Usai G.,Vallivilayil John T.,Vescovi S.,Viant T.,Viel S.,Vishneva A.,Vogelaar R. B.,Wada M.,Wang H.,Wang Y.,Westerdale S.,Wheadon R. J.,Williams L.,M.Wojcik Ma.,Wojcik Ma.,Xiao X.,Yang C.,Zani A.,Zenobio F.,Zichichi A.,Zuzel G.,Zykova M. P.

Abstract

AbstractAria is a plant hosting a $${350}\,\hbox {m}$$ 350 m cryogenic isotopic distillation column, the tallest ever built, which is being installed in a mine shaft at Carbosulcis S.p.A., Nuraxi-Figus (SU), Italy. Aria is one of the pillars of the argon dark-matter search experimental program, lead by the Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration. It was designed to reduce the isotopic abundance of $${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$ 39 Ar in argon extracted from underground sources, called Underground Argon (UAr), which is used for dark-matter searches. Indeed, $${^{39}\hbox {Ar}}$$ 39 Ar is a $$\beta $$ β -emitter of cosmogenic origin, whose activity poses background and pile-up concerns in the detectors. In this paper, we discuss the requirements, design, construction, tests, and projected performance of the plant for the isotopic cryogenic distillation of argon. We also present the successful results of the isotopic cryogenic distillation of nitrogen with a prototype plant.

Funder

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare

Regione Autonoma della Sardegna

Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu: CIEMAT - Física de partículas

Polish National Science Centre

European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

U.S. Department of Energy

Foundation for Polish Science

National Science Foundation, USA

International Research Agenda Program AstroCeNT

LabEx UnivEarthS

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous),Engineering (miscellaneous)

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