Constraining über gravity with recent observations and studying the $$H_0$$ problem

Abstract

AbstractThis paper studies both $$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM and CDM models under the über gravity theory, named ü$$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM and üCDM respectively. We report bounds over their parameter phase-space using several cosmological data, in particular, the recent Pantheon+ sample. Based on the joint analysis, the best fit value of the über characteristic parameter is $$z_\oplus = 0.046^{+0.047}_{-0.032}$$ z ⊕ = 0 . 046 - 0.032 + 0.047 and $$z_\oplus = 1.382^{+0.020}_{-0.021}$$ z ⊕ = 1 . 382 - 0.021 + 0.020 at 68% confidence level for ü$$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM and üCDM respectively. Although über gravity can successfully mimics the cosmological constant, we find that the $$\mathbb {H}0(z)$$ H 0 ( z ) diagnostic suggests the $$H_0$$ H 0 tension is not alleviated. Finally, both models are statistically compared with $$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM through the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. Both über gravity models and $$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM are equally preferred for most of the single samples, in particular, ü$$\Lambda $$ Λ CDM is not rejected by the CMB data. However, there is strong evidence against them for the joint analysis.