Вплив цинку на метаболічні процеси в нормі та при патології

Abstract

Zinc belongs to the independent human trace elements. Its biological role is taken into account with the activity of attracting endocrine secretion. As a component of some enzymes, zinc affects the processes of reproduction, live and carbohydrate metabolism. Zinc is an important trace element with a variety of biological functions, which is involved in cell growth, apoptosis and metabolism, as well as in the regulation of endocrine, immune and neuronal functions. At the cellular level, zinc stimulates the formation of polysomes, inhibits free radical oxidation, which is catalyzed by iron. The important role of zinc in nucleic metabolism, transcription processes, stabilization of nucleic acids, proteins and especially components of biological membranes. Zinc plays an important role in skeletal development. Zinc accelerates the synthesis of collagen in wounds, has a stabilizing effect on cytoplasmic membranes, and prevents the release of hydrolytic enzymes. In mitochondria, zinc inhibits the transport of electrons in the respiratory chain. This property is realized in sperm, where there is a lot of zinc and there is low respiratory activity of mitochondria. Zinc is necessary for the development of brain tissue. Zincergic neurons are found in the cerebral cortex. Zinc has been shown to play an important role in signal transduction by modulating excitatory and inhibitory cellular receptors and intracellular signaling proteins. Zinc has a special effect on the development and course of many diseases, such as Down syndrome, alcoholism, angina, dysmenorrhea, atherosclerosis and more.